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 Writer-Andy  Source-Professionadl Audio Website

In professional sound field, sound equipment configuration is very elegant, the amplifier and speaker configuration is the most important, though, some speakers live in the instructions for use of products recommended to the user the specific brands or models with power, but there are still limitations, because users are often faced with many types of amplifier, do not know how to start.

Amplifier and speaker configuration involves many aspects, such as amplifier brand, power tube type and low sensitivity to speaker configuration should which kind of amplifier. Amplifier and speaker specific configuration, generally with the experience of designers, hobbies, listening habits and other factors, it is difficult to find a unified standard. Sometimes we will meet some users or designers to save money for speaker configuration with smaller amplifier, some users and to the so-called" power reserves “to the speaker configuration of large amplifier. Obviously, such doing is not right. Importantly, this configuration will give equipment damage. In the amplifier and speaker configuration, amplifier power is the key, that is to say, amplifier power determining principles should be unified.

As we all know, the auditorium acoustics design, according to a series of calculation amplifier, and then by the sound power determination of amplifier power, but for the two power how to choose so that can achieve the best match?

First of all, in the human ear domain of the 20Hz ~ 20kHz, really concentrate a large amount of energy music signal in low frequency band, in general, while the high frequency energy, only equivalent to low frequency band energy, 1 / 10. Therefore, a general speaker tweeter power loss is much lower than the bass horn, in order to high bass balance; while the amplifier is a current modulator, the input audio signal under the control of different sizes, the output current to the speaker, the size of different voices, the impedance condition, want to let the nominal power 200W amplifier to 400W or several times the output is actually very easy, just amplifier distortion ( THD ) will greatly increase, this distortion is mainly produced in the medium, low frequency signal in high frequency harmonic distortion, which is greater, the high frequency harmonic energy is bigger, and these high frequency distortion of the signal will be with the music signal of high frequency to enter the high head, which is why the small amplifier on the great speaker would burned treble head of. In many people’s concept, as long as the amplifier power, it may burn speaker. Although some amplifier without distortion of instructions, but because the equipment configuration has to be congenitally deficient, distortion may be in use have occurred, then the distortion indicator has lost its meaning. Moreover, because the user’s restriction of the experience and the quality, amplifier distortion often be ignored.

Secondly, amplifier and speaker power configuration and the target loudness and applications also have a certain relationship. In a certain objective loudness, should let the music signal dynamics in each piece of equipment can be fully guaranteed, if amplifier power is too large, the gain is set very hour, loudness has reached the requirements, but then the amplifier gain limits the signal dynamic range. Therefore, amplifier power can not be too large; otherwise, since spending, will bring the loudness and dynamic music can not be balanced as well as the speaker overload trouble. Based on past experience, language, music PA sites and large dynamic disco and other places there is a difference between. There are general PA place signal fluctuation is small, does not need power long time or soon provided a large current to the speaker, so the amplifier power than required strong dynamic loudspeaker place power is smaller; in addition, the so-called" power reserve" should also be according to the speaker, notably, the selected amplifier must be made by the speaker, there should be no " power reserve" concept to configure amplifier. In other words, in a certain objective loudness, the sound box can be larger than the designed value, for different purposes, while the amplifier power should be strictly by the speaker, not much flexibility.

In conclusion, amplifier and speaker power configuration specific criteria should be: in certain impedance conditions should be greater than the amplifier, speakers, but not too big. In general applications amplifier distortion rate should be the speaker rated power 1.2-1.5 times; while in the large dynamic situation should be 1.5-2 times. With reference to the standard configuration, you can ensure amplifier on the best working condition, and can guarantee the safety box, even for inexperienced operators, as long as not serious errors or front stage peripheral equipment calibration is undeserved, can let the speaker and amplifier operating at steady state.